The rapid development of silicon materials in the 20th century not only benefited from the in-depth study of interface science and engineering, but also brought widely used semiconductor microelectronics to millions of households. The experts attending the 386th Xiangshan Science Conference on the subject of “Carbon-based Semiconductor Interface Science and Engineering†held in Suzhou recently pointed out that the interface science and engineering of carbon-based semiconductors is a very complicated system, and there are many major sciences. The problem needs to be solved.
Displaying broad application prospects Semiconductor devices based on carbon materials are functional devices with conjugated small molecules/polymers, graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes as main working substances, including organic light emitting diodes, organic photovoltaic cells, etc. .
The executive chairman of the conference, Professor of Suzhou University/Hong Kong City University and academician Li Shutang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences stated in the subject review report that compared with silicon-based semiconductor materials, carbon-based semiconductor materials have irreplaceable advantages such as their structural diversity and availability. Cutting property, extensive source, good processability, large area preparation, etc. Since the 1950s, the research and application of carbon-based semiconductor materials have been highly concerned by the scientific community and have continuously made breakthroughs, which have greatly promoted the development of carbon-based semiconductors in basic research and commercial development, especially in energy. Efficient conversion, storage and utilization show more and more important application prospects.
According to experts, as a new type of device complementary to silicon-based semiconductor devices, carbon-based semiconductor devices have now formed a new research field where chemical, physical sciences, information electronic sciences, and material sciences intersect with each other. , Automatic control, solar energy utilization, information storage and other aspects show more and more important application prospects. In particular, the fact that new flat panel displays and solid-state light sources based on organic light-emitting diodes have taken the lead or will soon enter the field of application is an indication of the broad development prospects of carbon-based semiconductor devices.
Research on carbon-based semiconductor devices is receiving increasing attention on a global scale and is currently an internationally challenging and urgent research direction. The United States, Japan, Europe and other Western countries and regions have listed the research of organic semiconductor devices into the high-tech development plan, and have initiated a series of scientific research plans to deal with the research of organic semiconductor devices.
The interface is the key The performance of carbon-based semiconductor devices depends primarily on the structure and properties of the critical interfaces in the device, especially the interface charge process, photoelectric conversion process, and chemical behavior. Looking back at the history of the past decades, it is not difficult to see that every progress made in the study of interface characteristics has brought new breakthroughs and opportunities for its device applications. For example, Dr. Tang’s research group in the United States introduced an organic layer interface in organic light-emitting diodes, greatly improving the recombination efficiency of carriers, thus creating a new chapter in organic light-emitting diodes; Professor Forrest of the United States and Professor Thompson’s research group collaborated in organic The introduction of phosphorescent light-emitting diodes in the light-emitting diodes achieves complete energy transfer from the host material to the guest material. The internal quantum efficiency of excitons is increased from the original 25% to 100%, thereby making the efficient light-emitting of organic diodes become a reality.
While rapid progress has been made in the research of carbon-based semiconductor devices, carbon-based semiconductor devices currently face three key problems: low performance, short life, and high cost, and their performance has been severely restricted.
"In the main applications of carbon-based semiconductor devices, the carrier transport properties of the device are the key interfaces of metal/carbon-based semiconductors, carbon-based semiconductors/carbon-based semiconductors, inorganic/carbon-based semiconductors, and carbon-based semiconductors/air. And the photoelectric conversion process has a very important impact." Li Shu Tang said.
The experts emphasized that from the perspective of interface science and engineering, research on the basic science of carbon-based molecular interfaces, actual interface problems in various carbon-based semiconductor devices, and molecular interface control will help carbon-based semiconductor devices. The perfection, accelerating the realization of a variety of practical applications of carbon-based semiconductor devices, its significance is difficult to estimate.
Still in the basic research phase Carbon-based semiconductor interface science and engineering is a very complex system. The research involves the intersection of multiple disciplines, and requires close cooperation among multidisciplinary researchers such as physics, chemistry, electronics, informatics, and materials science. .
Experts at the conference believe that the basic problems of carbon-based molecular interface and the research of molecular interface control are still in the basic research stage. There are still many major scientific issues that need to be solved, and these problems determine or restrict the practical application of organic semiconductor devices in the future.
For example, due to the common problems in both materials and interface engineering, the current efficiency of organic solar cells is still relatively low, which severely limits the further improvement of device application efficiency. The main problems include: the low mobility of organic/polymer materials leads to low carrier collection efficiency, the control theory and process of photocell interface are not perfect, and there is still a lack of deeper understanding of the dynamic processes such as the separation and transfer of interface excitons. The understanding of the system, etc., but through the interface control can achieve the device's efficiency, longevity and processability.
The experts discussed and analyzed that at the present stage, the development of China's carbon-based semiconductors should focus on the following scientific issues: microstructures, electronic states, dynamic characteristics of charge carriers and excitons, and their interrelationships of carbon-based materials; interface structures of carbon-based devices Research on performance and control methods; Research on dynamic process models in the interface control process of carbon-based devices; Design and tailoring of materials for interfacial control of carbon-based devices; Research on physics-phenomenological test characterization methods for nanoscale interface control Development; how the control of the interface affects the macroscopic behavior of the device and how it can be transferred to related applications. Experts emphasized that the research and performance control of key interfaces is an important direction for the development of carbon-based semiconductor nanomaterials and devices. It involves a large number of subject areas and requires high technical means. It is urgent to strengthen basic research and strengthen communication among experts and scholars in related fields. , Develop new experimental methods and theories, and gradually overcome the key scientific issues in the application of carbon-based material devices.
Displaying broad application prospects Semiconductor devices based on carbon materials are functional devices with conjugated small molecules/polymers, graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes as main working substances, including organic light emitting diodes, organic photovoltaic cells, etc. .
The executive chairman of the conference, Professor of Suzhou University/Hong Kong City University and academician Li Shutang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences stated in the subject review report that compared with silicon-based semiconductor materials, carbon-based semiconductor materials have irreplaceable advantages such as their structural diversity and availability. Cutting property, extensive source, good processability, large area preparation, etc. Since the 1950s, the research and application of carbon-based semiconductor materials have been highly concerned by the scientific community and have continuously made breakthroughs, which have greatly promoted the development of carbon-based semiconductors in basic research and commercial development, especially in energy. Efficient conversion, storage and utilization show more and more important application prospects.
According to experts, as a new type of device complementary to silicon-based semiconductor devices, carbon-based semiconductor devices have now formed a new research field where chemical, physical sciences, information electronic sciences, and material sciences intersect with each other. , Automatic control, solar energy utilization, information storage and other aspects show more and more important application prospects. In particular, the fact that new flat panel displays and solid-state light sources based on organic light-emitting diodes have taken the lead or will soon enter the field of application is an indication of the broad development prospects of carbon-based semiconductor devices.
Research on carbon-based semiconductor devices is receiving increasing attention on a global scale and is currently an internationally challenging and urgent research direction. The United States, Japan, Europe and other Western countries and regions have listed the research of organic semiconductor devices into the high-tech development plan, and have initiated a series of scientific research plans to deal with the research of organic semiconductor devices.
The interface is the key The performance of carbon-based semiconductor devices depends primarily on the structure and properties of the critical interfaces in the device, especially the interface charge process, photoelectric conversion process, and chemical behavior. Looking back at the history of the past decades, it is not difficult to see that every progress made in the study of interface characteristics has brought new breakthroughs and opportunities for its device applications. For example, Dr. Tang’s research group in the United States introduced an organic layer interface in organic light-emitting diodes, greatly improving the recombination efficiency of carriers, thus creating a new chapter in organic light-emitting diodes; Professor Forrest of the United States and Professor Thompson’s research group collaborated in organic The introduction of phosphorescent light-emitting diodes in the light-emitting diodes achieves complete energy transfer from the host material to the guest material. The internal quantum efficiency of excitons is increased from the original 25% to 100%, thereby making the efficient light-emitting of organic diodes become a reality.
While rapid progress has been made in the research of carbon-based semiconductor devices, carbon-based semiconductor devices currently face three key problems: low performance, short life, and high cost, and their performance has been severely restricted.
"In the main applications of carbon-based semiconductor devices, the carrier transport properties of the device are the key interfaces of metal/carbon-based semiconductors, carbon-based semiconductors/carbon-based semiconductors, inorganic/carbon-based semiconductors, and carbon-based semiconductors/air. And the photoelectric conversion process has a very important impact." Li Shu Tang said.
The experts emphasized that from the perspective of interface science and engineering, research on the basic science of carbon-based molecular interfaces, actual interface problems in various carbon-based semiconductor devices, and molecular interface control will help carbon-based semiconductor devices. The perfection, accelerating the realization of a variety of practical applications of carbon-based semiconductor devices, its significance is difficult to estimate.
Still in the basic research phase Carbon-based semiconductor interface science and engineering is a very complex system. The research involves the intersection of multiple disciplines, and requires close cooperation among multidisciplinary researchers such as physics, chemistry, electronics, informatics, and materials science. .
Experts at the conference believe that the basic problems of carbon-based molecular interface and the research of molecular interface control are still in the basic research stage. There are still many major scientific issues that need to be solved, and these problems determine or restrict the practical application of organic semiconductor devices in the future.
For example, due to the common problems in both materials and interface engineering, the current efficiency of organic solar cells is still relatively low, which severely limits the further improvement of device application efficiency. The main problems include: the low mobility of organic/polymer materials leads to low carrier collection efficiency, the control theory and process of photocell interface are not perfect, and there is still a lack of deeper understanding of the dynamic processes such as the separation and transfer of interface excitons. The understanding of the system, etc., but through the interface control can achieve the device's efficiency, longevity and processability.
The experts discussed and analyzed that at the present stage, the development of China's carbon-based semiconductors should focus on the following scientific issues: microstructures, electronic states, dynamic characteristics of charge carriers and excitons, and their interrelationships of carbon-based materials; interface structures of carbon-based devices Research on performance and control methods; Research on dynamic process models in the interface control process of carbon-based devices; Design and tailoring of materials for interfacial control of carbon-based devices; Research on physics-phenomenological test characterization methods for nanoscale interface control Development; how the control of the interface affects the macroscopic behavior of the device and how it can be transferred to related applications. Experts emphasized that the research and performance control of key interfaces is an important direction for the development of carbon-based semiconductor nanomaterials and devices. It involves a large number of subject areas and requires high technical means. It is urgent to strengthen basic research and strengthen communication among experts and scholars in related fields. , Develop new experimental methods and theories, and gradually overcome the key scientific issues in the application of carbon-based material devices.
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