Back in 2015, a promotional video for The Void VR theme park in the U.S. made waves among China's VR enthusiast circles. It showcased several young men and women donning a device called "Rapture" and walking through a bland digital model. Yet, what they saw and interacted with was anything but ordinary—it was a battlefield from ancient times, an endless wilderness, and a post-apocalyptic wasteland. They became Jedi Masters and warriors of legend.
This video left a deep impression on Keiyi Technology’s founder, Pan Bohang. He dreamt of creating a VR theme park like The Void. After two years of preparation, Keiyi Technology recently held a strategic conference in Beijing titled “Before the Age, All Sense of the Future.†During the event, they announced plans to open their first true VR theme park at Shijingshan Amusement Park. Out of curiosity, I visited Keiyi's K-Labs to experience their revolutionary "VR theme park."
"Terrifying! The door actually opened!" As I put on a VR headset, a wooden door materialized in front of me. Instinctively, I reached out to turn the doorknob, but then paused, realizing the door in VR should be fake. Yet, when my fingers touched the handle, I couldn't believe my eyes—it was real! For someone who'd spent years being tricked by fake doors in the VR world, this was a mind-blowing experience. Was this the moment virtual reality truly became tangible?
Stepping through the door, I entered a dim, rustic room filled with classical artifacts. A brazier burned nearby, radiating heat. Further ahead lay a narrow path with iron shelves lining the walls. My brain knew this was all illusionary, yet my legs refused to move—this was too real, too immersive. I felt both thrilled and terrified.
Last year, The Void sparked a wave of interest in VR theme parks, prompting numerous domestic startups to claim they would develop similar parks. Early on, Pan Bohang traveled to Utah to experience The Void firsthand. He believed most of these so-called "theme parks," which occupied vast spaces, were far inferior to the original.
"Our goal isn't just about expanding the area. Simply placing a few HTC Vive setups in a larger space or letting people roam freely doesn’t make it a VR theme park," he explained.
Compared to previous VR experiences, Keiyi Technology's ARGO system completely changed my perception of VR. In the past, no matter how realistic the scenes seemed, objects like stones couldn't be touched, and sofas couldn't be sat on. But in ARGO, I could feel the heat of a real torch and touch actual door handles and walls.
When reality and virtuality merged, I found myself fully immersed in this world as never before. Whether it was a narrow plank bridge or a towering cliff, logic told me it was all fake, but my body reacted as if it were real. My calves trembled, and I felt an overwhelming sense of awe.
Curious, I decided to remove the VR headset and spoke with Pan Bohang about their design philosophy for ARGO.
Two years of hard work have culminated in K-Labs and ARGO. Known as "Lao Pan," Pan Bohang is the founder of the popular VR community VRplay. Prior to last month's conference, I knew little about him or K-Labs.
According to Pan Bohang, K-Labs was founded in 2013, and the company was officially registered in 2015. The team’s core members primarily hail from prestigious institutions such as Tsinghua University, Nankai University, Beijing Film Academy, and the University of the Arts London. Their research focuses include human-computer interaction, human-environment interaction, and digital experiences for museums and science centers.
Spring 2015 marked a turning point when The Void video, labeled as the "strongest surface entertainment facility," went viral. Inspired, Pan Bohang began studying the core technologies required for a VR theme park. Having worked on museum projects previously, along with his passion for VR, he quickly realized the potential of implementing such a park. By late 2015, he started investing in developing a VR theme park.
Building a VR theme park is no small feat. Before launching such an ambitious project, Pan Bohang experimented with integrating and testing large-scale multiplayer games in 2015. That year, they released an ancient tomb adventure game at trade shows and exhibitions nationwide, gathering feedback during public beta tests. In 2016, they launched a lighter, space-themed VR project supporting up to four players in a 50-100 square meter area. By November 2016, Pan Bohang took the project to Beijing’s Happy Valley for a month-long trial run, attracting over 10,000 participants.
With ARGO's spatial sensing reaching maturity, K-Labs began planning full-scale theme parks at the end of 2016. “Looking back, we’ve accumulated a lot in VR development,†Pan Bohang noted. “From collaborating with Tsinghua University on research projects, early partnerships with Noliton Lab, integrating full-featured spatial systems, and researching interactive content, to developing head-mounted displays and fusing motion capture with IMU algorithms, and experimenting with ultrasonic and laser positioning—all of this has laid the groundwork for our theme park.â€
K-Labs' efforts also caught the attention of investors. In August 2016, the company secured $6 million in angel funding from Infinity Venture Partners and Chenhui Ventures. Pan Bohang now seeks partners who recognize the long-term value of their project, with the aim of promoting ARGO theme parks nationwide in the coming years.
How VR theme parks are reshaping the offline experience market
2015 saw the rise of the "egg chair," sparking the first wave of VR line experiences. Despite increasing numbers of VR devices and content, 2016’s VR experience stores failed to sustain momentum.
Pan Bohang believes ARGO addresses two key pain points in the VR offline market:
First, enhancing "light interaction" among people. Traditional offline VR shops often involve one person wearing a wired headset, leaving friends sidelined. ARGO’s six-to-eight-person model allows couples, families, or friends to play together, fostering collaboration or competition. This format aligns with people’s social needs for offline entertainment.
Second, location is crucial. Most current VR experience stores are confined to shopping malls, which attract local residents within a 3-5 km radius. Heavy VR experiences aren’t ideal for repeat visits, leading to low reacquisition rates.
Pan Bohang chose amusement parks as the ideal venue. Visitors seek thrills and excitement, making heavy VR experiences more fitting. Amusement parks draw a broader audience with higher foot traffic.
For amusement parks, VR is a natural fit. “After decades of development, parks need innovative tech to enhance traditional rides,†Pan Bohang explained. “Investment in ARGO is relatively low compared to traditional rides, with faster returns. Parks naturally embrace it.â€
Deep involvement in park operations ensures success in three years.
Discussing the upcoming VR theme park opening at year-end, Pan Bohang surprised me with his approach. Instead of just providing design and technical solutions, they’ll deeply engage in the park’s later operations.
Offline VR solution providers have traditionally hesitated to dive into operations due to complexity and uncertainty in revenue streams. Equipment depreciation, content updates, and operational challenges pose significant hurdles for smaller VR startups.
Pan Bohang argued that participating in the first project’s operation would yield valuable data for iterative improvements. Additionally, they were confident about recouping costs within three years:
“Our calculations consider annual park traffic, regional consumer capacity, and the cost recovery timeline. Recovering costs within three years indicates strong project prospects.â€
Moreover, Pan Bohang highlighted advantages amusement parks offer over malls: “VR theme parks are akin to gardens, drawing complementary traffic. Surrounding food and merchandise sales further boost revenue.â€
In the future, ARGO parks will be modular. Next year, they plan to develop hardware and facilities for direct application, akin to LEGO projects that can be quickly stitched and customized. This reduces copying and customization costs while improving execution efficiency. Combined with IPs, unique personalized theme parks will flourish.
As our conversation concluded, I gave Lao Pan a nod. In moments, I quietly removed the VR headset, allowing myself to step into his “ARGO Theme Park.â€
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