In the new 12-inch MacBook that Apple released a while ago, the company used many new technologies. At the same time, the device's 9-hour battery life is also a feature of the industry's attention, because the MacBook's battery compartment is only about half of the MacBook Pro, but the endurance is almost the same as the latter.
A few days ago, American science and technology media contributor Sam Oliver wrote an article for us to analyze in detail the various whimsy Apple used in this design.
The following is the main content of the article:
On the surface, perhaps many people think that 9 hours of battery life is not a big deal. Because of the tests we conducted earlier this month, the 13-inch MacBook Pro with Intel Broadwell chips had a battery life of two hours longer than the former. But let's not forget that the MacBook Pro's battery size is almost twice that of the new MacBook. The data shows that the MacBook's 39.7 watt-hour power reserve is a full 35 watts less than the MacBook Pro's 74.9 watt-hours, which is much less than the 13-inch MacBook Air with 54 watt-hours of power reserve. So, how does Apple make Macbooks with very limited power reserves to achieve long battery life?
Perhaps the answer to this question is Apple's effective integration of new technologies, including improved retina screens, ultra-low-power RAM, and Intel Broadwell processors.
High-tech retina screen
Although not rigorously tested, we are almost certain that the 12-inch retina screen is the big power user on the MacBook. In general, high-resolution screens are very power hungry, because in addition to the need to drive multi-megapixel graphics processing, these pixels are placed at very high density, so backlighting can be difficult to penetrate. In such cases, the device requires a larger battery to drive a more powerful backlit display system. For example, the second-generation iPad mini and the third-generation iPad were the same. At that time, in order to support the newly adopted retina screen, the battery capacity of both devices increased, and the thickness of the body became thicker.
Let's first come to science. In a traditional TFT-LCD screen, each pixel portion is covered by a transistor that controls the behavior of red, green, and blue sub-pixels. Depending on the panel type and design, the size of the covered portion may be only half the size of the pixel. If the size of the covered part is small, the backlight needs to be more powerful in order to achieve the same level of screen brightness, and this will place higher demands on battery life.
Fortunately, there have been several ways to improve this situation. One way is to redesign the pixels, and this is Apple's solution on the new MacBook, but Apple did not give specific instructions. The information we know so far is that Apple redesigned the pixels and increased the pixel aperture to allow more light to pass, which saves the LED backlight component on the Macbook 30 more than the retina display on other Macs. % of energy consumption. For the technology itself, this is a huge improvement and effectively reduces the need for power on the screen.
Broadwell Core M processor
After the screen is finished, the processor is also one of the important factors affecting the battery life.
Apple's choice for the MacBook is the ultra-low-voltage dual-core chip of the Intel Broadwell Core M series. In fact, the overall architecture of the Broadwell Core M series processor has not changed much, but the manufacturing process of this series has been upgraded from 22nm to 14nm. In general, the smaller the manufacturing process, the smaller the transistor, so the number of transistors that can be mounted in the same space is increased, thereby improving the operating efficiency.
Intel said that Broadwell's power consumption compared to the Haswell series is reduced by 30%, while performance is almost consistent, or even better. This is undoubtedly a message for MacBook Pro users, but just using the regular version of the Broadwell chip for the MacBook is not enough, so Apple chose the Core M chip with lower power consumption. The Core i5 chip on the MacBook Air consumes 15 watts, while the Core M in the MacBook consumes only 5 watts. At the same time, the lower the power, the lower the amount of heat it emits, and this is one of the important reasons why the MacBook can use a fanless design.
At present, we don't know which Core M chip Apple will use, but we think it is very likely that the company will use Core M products of 5Y70 (1.1GHz) and 5Y71 (1.2GHz). Because the power of the 5Y70 and 5Y71 are both 4.5 watts, Apple has previously publicly stated that the MacBook has a power of 5 watts.
More efficient RAM
The current Apple notebook line has gradually begun to use ultra-low-power LPDDR3 RAM, which was first launched in the MacBook Air in 2013 and is very likely to appear in the new MacBook. LPDDR3 was originally planned for smartphone and tablet products, and its architecture is also much different from the traditional low-power version of DDR3L commonly used in notebook computers. The data shows that LPDDR3 consumes only 70% of the energy of traditional desktop DDR3, while it is reduced to 10% during standby.
But it is quite strange that Apple did not announce the standby time data of the new MacBook at the press conference, and the company had previously emphasized the standby time of the MacBook Air. We don't know why Apple will omit this data at the press conference, but we are still very much looking forward to seeing how much difference the Macbook and MacBook Air will have compared to 30 days of standby.
other factors
Although the retina screen, Broadwell chip and LPDDR3 RAM seem to be the main reasons for the significant improvement in MacBook battery life, other improvements in the device can't be ignored.
For example, Macbook's new 802.11ac Wi-Fi speeds up network request completion and allows wireless devices to get back to low-power standby mode faster. In fact, this is consistent with the principle that mobile phones use LTE networks to make devices last longer.
In addition, the new keyboard, which has been greatly improved, has also contributed greatly to the battery life of the MacBook. The new keyboard gives up the LED backlight strip and the light guide plate design that spreads the light throughout the keyboard area. Instead, a separate LED light source is placed under each button, and Apple passes advanced energy management techniques. The brightness of these LEDs is calibrated, so only the weak light is transmitted around the keycap to achieve the most efficient use of energy.
Of course, the deeply optimized Macbook battery compartment is also indispensable. Apple has abandoned the previous square design on the MacBook's battery design. Due to the limited size of the body, how to change the battery shape to use more space has become a problem for many Apple designers. So on the 12-inch MacBook, we saw a battery design like a terrace. This design allows the battery to have different thicknesses at different locations, allowing it to be inserted into tighter spaces. For example, in the part of the palm rest, the space that is vacated by further hollowing out can be inserted into the "terraced" battery to allow the whole machine to obtain more power, thereby obtaining longer battery life.
Although the product has not yet been officially listed, Apple has made a lot of efforts in energy consumption, I believe we will dig out more details after the new product launch.
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