Simulation and planning technology for electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities

In recent years, with the strong support of the state, the production and sales of electric vehicles have increased year by year, and the technology of charging and replacing has been continuously improved. The supporting infrastructure for charging and replacing has also mushroomed in large and medium-sized cities.

In order to support the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry and meet the growing demand for users to replace the electricity service, scientific research, mathematical modeling and overall planning must be carried out before the construction of the charging and replacing facilities.

So today we will first talk about the simulation and planning technology of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities!

First, technical brief

The simulation and planning technology of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities is to use electric vehicle and power grid system as a closely related organism, and carry out in-depth research from a macroscopic perspective, mainly involving modeling and simulation of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities and their access to the power grid. And charging and switching facilities planning two aspects.

Specifically include:

The impact of electric vehicle charging on the grid

Ordered charge control technology

Electric car interacts with the grid (VehicletoGrid, V2G)

Charging and replacing facilities planning

Second, the impact of electric vehicle charging on the power grid

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the charging process of large-scale electric vehicles is a huge test of the load capacity and safety of the power grid, and at the same time, harmonic pollution will be generated and the power quality will be reduced.

The degree of influence of electric vehicle charging on the power grid depends on the interaction mode and level between electric vehicles and the power grid, and will bring more business development opportunities for power sales enterprises.

Third, orderly charging

Ordered charging is an effective guidance and control for electric vehicle charging, that is, under the premise of meeting the needs of electric vehicle users, the electric vehicle is guided to avoid charging during the peak period of the grid load through effective technical and economic means.

Ordered charging can reasonably disperse the charging power of electric vehicles, reduce their impact on grid load and unnecessary investment in power transmission and construction, ensure the coordinated development of electric vehicles and power grids, and achieve the goal of cutting peaks and filling valleys.

Fourth, electric vehicles interact with the power grid

Electric car interacts with the grid (VehicletoGrid, V2G)

It refers to the operation mode of the electric vehicle connected to the public power grid through the charging and discharging device as the energy storage unit to participate in the power supply of the public power grid. The generalized V2G includes V2H, V2B and V2V, etc. Other interactive modes may appear in the future, collectively referred to as V2X.

Electric Vehicle and Building Grid Charging and Discharging Vehicle-to-Buildings (V2B)

The electric vehicle is connected to the building grid through the charging and discharging device, and functions as an energy storage unit to participate in the power supply of the building grid.

Electric Vehicle and Residential Grid Charging and Discharging Vehicle-to-Home (V2H)

The electric vehicle is connected to the residential power grid through a charging and discharging device, and functions as an energy storage unit to participate in the power supply of the residential power grid.

Electric Vehicle and Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)

Operation mode of power supply between different electric vehicles

Electric vehicle power supply to vehicle-to-load (V2L)

The electric vehicle is connected to the load through a charging and discharging device, and functions as an energy storage unit for supplying power to the load.

The interaction between electric vehicles and the grid, using electric vehicles as a dual attribute of controllable load and mobile energy storage, can be used as a buffer for grids and renewable energy.

When the grid load is too high, the electric vehicle stores energy to feed the grid; when the grid load is low, the electric vehicle is used to store the excess power generated by the grid to avoid waste.

V. Charging and replacement facilities planning

At present, major cities have separately studied and formulated the overall development plan for electric vehicle charging facilities, and actively promoted the construction of charging facilities based on the development of the electric vehicle industry. The following factors must be considered in the planning of charging and replacing facilities:

Consistency of electric vehicle traffic density and charging demand

Charging station service capacity (radius)

Urban master plan and road network plan

Current status of transmission and distribution networks in the region

Future electric vehicle development trends and needs

In the early stage of industrial development, in accordance with the principle of intensive use of land, standardization of construction and construction, and meeting consumer demand, the charging facilities will be included in the urban comprehensive transportation system planning and urban construction-related industry planning, scientifically determine the construction scale and site selection, and moderately ahead. Construction. By summarizing the pilot experience, we will determine the development direction of charging facilities that meet the characteristics of the region and the characteristics of electric vehicles.

Sixth, the technical achievements of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power

State Grid Corporation is the leading enterprise in the planning, construction and operation of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities in China. As a professional scientific research institution within the State Grid Corporation, China Electric Power Research Institute has obtained the simulation and planning technology for electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities. Important results.

Orderly charging technology

The decentralized and centralized coordinated charging management strategies for electric vehicles under different charging modes are proposed. The orderly charging control strategy for electric vehicle clusters with multi-objective optimization of distribution network under different time and space distribution conditions is proposed. The orderly charging of electric vehicles is developed. The control management system provides an important basis for the study of the two-way interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid.

The impact of electric vehicles on the grid

The influence law of electric vehicle group charging on power quality (voltage level, voltage sag and harmonics) in fast charging mode is proposed. The safety and adaptability of large-scale electric vehicle fast charging and random instantaneous charging to distribution network are mastered. The mechanism of action; sums up the key factors that restrict the access of electric vehicles to the grid under the premise of meeting the safety of distribution network.

Electric vehicle interaction with the power grid

The coordination mode and interaction method of multi-level control for transmission and distribution in different charging modes are optimized. The energy coordinated control strategy of electric vehicle charging network is proposed. The energy and information between electric vehicle and grid are established. Incentive mechanism and organizational framework for two-way interaction.

Charge and replacement facility planning

Through the standardization work, the basic principles and norms of the configuration of charging and replacing facilities are established; the planning steps of charging and replacing facilities for electric vehicles are clarified, and the layout optimization plan for urban public charging and replacing facilities combining AC slow charging and DC fast charging is proposed; The geographic information engine developed intelligent optimization layout and visualization planning software for electric vehicle charging stations for wide-area charging and switching service networks.

These research results will play an active role in guiding and promoting the construction of electric vehicle charging and replacing networks in the next few years.

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