"Capsule robots" have been described as "black technology" that may replace endoscopy in the future. Can small capsules really end people's fears of gastrointestinal endoscopy? There is still a long way to go. For some time held at the World Robot Conference or recent medical forums, capsule robots ("Smart Capsule Endoscopy System" or "Medical Wireless Endoscopy") have been described as "black technology that may replace endoscopy in the future." "It will end people's fear of gastroscopy and colonoscopy. The capsule robot is indeed a promising auxiliary examination technique, but it still has a long way to go before it completely replaces gastroscopy and colonoscopy."
When it comes to robots, what do you think of first? White? Wali? Or the Terminator? However, the real robot is far less "cool". According to the definition of the United Nations Organization for Standardization, robots are a programmable and multi-functional manipulator; or they have specialized systems that can be used to perform computer-specific changes and programmable actions in order to perform different tasks. In other words, the "robot" we are discussing is a machine or intelligent system that is not as mysterious as people think.
The same applies to capsule robots. The robot is capsule-shaped. Its general specifications are 11-12 mm in diameter and a dozen to 20-odd millimeters in length. It is a bit larger than ordinary pills. It has a built-in camera and signal transmission device and can be used to assist in the movement of the digestive tract. The human body moves and takes images and sends them to the external image recorders and imaging workstations to help doctors understand the condition and make a diagnosis. According to Dr. Xu Jianxue of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, when examining with a capsule robot, the patient's body does not need to have an open wound and no catheterization, which is very convenient. Anyone who has done colonoscopy or gastroscopy knows that catheterization is a very uncomfortable physical condition, especially for the elderly, children, or critically ill patients, due to their own poor tolerance, catheter insertion may It will cause them more pain. "When using a capsule robot, the patient only needs to take the water and then wait for it to be excreted. Not only is it almost painless, but he can also live and work normally," said Dr. Xu Jiansheng. He further explained that capsule robots can be used as the preferred method for the diagnosis of digestive diseases, especially small bowel diseases. Capsule robots will end the fear of gastrointestinal mirrors? The road is still long The internal structure of the capsule robot (left side from top to bottom: permanent magnet, electromagnet, white light emitting diode, fluorescent light emitting diode; the right side from top to bottom: intima, adventitia, image sensor, central processor ) The battery is only enough to shoot for half an hour. Try to charge in vitro. However, capsule robots still have many problems to be solved. The limited power is one of the most prominent ones.
“We have an experience that when we take pictures with a mobile phone, the power consumption will be particularly fast,†Xu Jiansu said. “Capsule robots are also facing such problems.†Because they are powered by built-in lithium batteries, they have very limited energy. For currently available capsule robots, in the case of two pictures per second, the electricity is consumed in about half an hour, which greatly increases the uncertainty of the diagnosis - if the capsule is not fully digested within half an hour Road or stuck in a certain place, it is difficult to collect complete image data. At the same time, there have been capsule robots in the human body that can transmit pictures to doctors in real time. According to Dr. Xu Jianping, there are therapeutic capsule robots that can be used to spray medicine or perform minor operations in the digestive tract of patients. In other words, when the function continues to expand, how to ensure that the capsule has sufficient energy supply in the body will become a key condition to determine whether it can succeed. In this regard, the general research direction in the industry is to achieve wireless charging of a capsule robot, and the purpose of charging the capsule robot of his belly is achieved by setting an electric field around the patient's body. At present, Japanese scholars have already tried to do relevant experiments, but they have to give up because the battery has become hot. Poor controllability can not find the beat, "innate defects" difficult to overcome The second problem of the capsule robot is difficult to control. Because it is in the patient's belly, it is difficult for doctors to control its position from outside the body, and under normal circumstances, the capsule robot should be in a state of motion, which means that even if a lesion is found, it is likely to flash through. From the doctor's point of view, after obtaining the picture, the position can only be judged based on the pathology image and the working hours of the capsule, and it is difficult to be precise, which greatly increases the difficulty of the operation.
In this regard, the solution proposed by Xu Jian Province is to rely on electric or magnetic fields to exert influence on the capsules in patients. "These micro-robots contain permanent magnets. Under the action of an alternating magnetic field, the permanent magnets can vibrate, causing the film attached to it to oscillate. The moving film is like the tail of a goldfish, which ultimately drives the micro-robots to Go ahead,†Xu Jiansu added. “Another way is to use special materials that can deform under the influence of a magnetic field to drive the capsules.†In fact, the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, where Xu Jianxing is located The Medical Engineering Research Department has found this "special material." "There is a kind of bacteria in nature that pushes itself forward by the flagellar's rotation." According to Xu Jiansu, the bacteria have some tiny magnetic particles inside, so they have magnetic properties - in the magnetic field environment, They will line up in a straight line and move in the direction of the magnetic lines of force. This brings inspiration to the R&D team. The bionic micro-robots they studied use a hybrid drive, where the permanent magnet block of the body interacts with the magnetic field outside the body to control its direction of motion, while the DC motor drives the magnetic particles arranged in the form of a propeller. Promote robot operation. However, according to Dr. Zhang Jian, who graduated from Columbia University's medical robotics specialty and now is the CEO of a medical device startup company in Silicon Valley, poor control is a “natural defect†of capsule robots that is difficult to overcome through technology. "From a basic physics point of view, controlling a capsule robot in a patient's body is not feasible." Zhang Jian said it very simply. "First, the body tissue, such as fat, is controlled by a magnetic field, and the effect is yet to be verified. Second, its shape is elliptical and it is easy to get stuck somewhere in the intestine. In contrast, the traditional endoscopic tools are obviously better to control. "It's like a rope down to the stomach, people The outside end can be used to adjust the position of the inside end, and some telescopic functions can be used to accurately find the position to be checked.†Zhang Jian said that the structure determines the weaknesses. We must use the capsule robot and perhaps we should admit it is not good. The weakness of control, and on this basis, discuss what it can be used under. "Because you don't need to use all of your solutions for the hardest problems." Better for non-purpose-specific total gastrointestinal exams So, when capsule robots are better than traditional endoscopes? Dr. Zhang Jian thinks this is divided into two situations. The first is when the patient needs to perform a complete gastrointestinal system examination without the need for accurate, clear images. “Doctors may have to look from the mouth to the rectum, but they don’t need to be particularly clear about the location. Capsule robots are more convenient at this time,†said Zhang Jian. In other words, similar to the physical examination, there is no specific diagnostic purpose, but rather a comprehensive screening of the disease, the painless capsule robot is obviously more convenient. Second, the patient is far from the city or inconvenient to check in a large hospital. “Traditional endoscopy must have matching medical equipment that is not available in every hospital. If a patient in a remote area wants to have a gastrointestinal examination, he must now go to a major hospital in the city. If there is a capsule robot, he can check in the local area and save him the hard work." Zhang Jian said, "If the brain hole is opened a little longer, when the capsule robot is popularized in general pharmacies, consumers can buy it. Buy one each year and conduct a self-examination.†Whether prices can compete with traditional endoscopes is still unknown. When it comes to popularity, there is no other problem and cost. At present, traditional endoscopy is about 200-300 yuan, and a capsule robot is priced at 2000-3000 yuan. Such a high price naturally restricts its promotion in the market. In this regard, Zhang Jian believes that with more and more companies entering this field, the price of capsule robots will certainly drop, but whether it can be reduced to the traditional endoscope is quite unknown. “We look at a capsule robot and look at it with casings, lenses, cameras, memory cards, batteries, and so on. If you are a layman, these parts are on mobile phones. So in the current situation where mobile phones are so popular, The cost of these things is a few hundred renminbi, and we can infer that it is very difficult to reduce the cost to a few tens of dollars. Can we lower the quality and make the photos taken by the capsule robots be slightly worse than the mobile phones? It's hard to say," Zhang Jian said. From another point of view, although the traditional endoscopy is only 200,300 yuan at a time, but in addition to the endoscope itself, it also needs supporting imaging equipment, computing centers, etc., the hospital purchasing this entire system will cost hundreds of thousands of Yuan, so for a rural hospital without equipment, it may be appropriate for capsule robots. As Zhang Jian concluded, “There are many applicable conditions for capsule robots, which may be doomed to a market that is not large.†Although there are many problems with capsule robots at present, it is undeniable that Compared to traditional tube endoscopes, it is a technological advancement and a new type of medical service available to patients.
When it comes to robots, what do you think of first? White? Wali? Or the Terminator? However, the real robot is far less "cool". According to the definition of the United Nations Organization for Standardization, robots are a programmable and multi-functional manipulator; or they have specialized systems that can be used to perform computer-specific changes and programmable actions in order to perform different tasks. In other words, the "robot" we are discussing is a machine or intelligent system that is not as mysterious as people think.
The same applies to capsule robots. The robot is capsule-shaped. Its general specifications are 11-12 mm in diameter and a dozen to 20-odd millimeters in length. It is a bit larger than ordinary pills. It has a built-in camera and signal transmission device and can be used to assist in the movement of the digestive tract. The human body moves and takes images and sends them to the external image recorders and imaging workstations to help doctors understand the condition and make a diagnosis. According to Dr. Xu Jianxue of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, when examining with a capsule robot, the patient's body does not need to have an open wound and no catheterization, which is very convenient. Anyone who has done colonoscopy or gastroscopy knows that catheterization is a very uncomfortable physical condition, especially for the elderly, children, or critically ill patients, due to their own poor tolerance, catheter insertion may It will cause them more pain. "When using a capsule robot, the patient only needs to take the water and then wait for it to be excreted. Not only is it almost painless, but he can also live and work normally," said Dr. Xu Jiansheng. He further explained that capsule robots can be used as the preferred method for the diagnosis of digestive diseases, especially small bowel diseases. Capsule robots will end the fear of gastrointestinal mirrors? The road is still long
The internal structure of the capsule robot (left side from top to bottom: permanent magnet, electromagnet, white light emitting diode, fluorescent light emitting diode; the right side from top to bottom: intima, adventitia, image sensor, central processor ) The battery is only enough to shoot for half an hour. Try to charge in vitro. However, capsule robots still have many problems to be solved. The limited power is one of the most prominent ones. “We have an experience that when we take pictures with a mobile phone, the power consumption will be particularly fast,†Xu Jiansu said. “Capsule robots are also facing such problems.†Because they are powered by built-in lithium batteries, they have very limited energy. For currently available capsule robots, in the case of two pictures per second, the electricity is consumed in about half an hour, which greatly increases the uncertainty of the diagnosis - if the capsule is not fully digested within half an hour Road or stuck in a certain place, it is difficult to collect complete image data. At the same time, there have been capsule robots in the human body that can transmit pictures to doctors in real time. According to Dr. Xu Jianping, there are therapeutic capsule robots that can be used to spray medicine or perform minor operations in the digestive tract of patients. In other words, when the function continues to expand, how to ensure that the capsule has sufficient energy supply in the body will become a key condition to determine whether it can succeed. In this regard, the general research direction in the industry is to achieve wireless charging of a capsule robot, and the purpose of charging the capsule robot of his belly is achieved by setting an electric field around the patient's body. At present, Japanese scholars have already tried to do relevant experiments, but they have to give up because the battery has become hot. Poor controllability can not find the beat, "innate defects" difficult to overcome The second problem of the capsule robot is difficult to control. Because it is in the patient's belly, it is difficult for doctors to control its position from outside the body, and under normal circumstances, the capsule robot should be in a state of motion, which means that even if a lesion is found, it is likely to flash through. From the doctor's point of view, after obtaining the picture, the position can only be judged based on the pathology image and the working hours of the capsule, and it is difficult to be precise, which greatly increases the difficulty of the operation.
In this regard, the solution proposed by Xu Jian Province is to rely on electric or magnetic fields to exert influence on the capsules in patients. "These micro-robots contain permanent magnets. Under the action of an alternating magnetic field, the permanent magnets can vibrate, causing the film attached to it to oscillate. The moving film is like the tail of a goldfish, which ultimately drives the micro-robots to Go ahead,†Xu Jiansu added. “Another way is to use special materials that can deform under the influence of a magnetic field to drive the capsules.†In fact, the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, where Xu Jianxing is located The Medical Engineering Research Department has found this "special material." "There is a kind of bacteria in nature that pushes itself forward by the flagellar's rotation." According to Xu Jiansu, the bacteria have some tiny magnetic particles inside, so they have magnetic properties - in the magnetic field environment, They will line up in a straight line and move in the direction of the magnetic lines of force. This brings inspiration to the R&D team. The bionic micro-robots they studied use a hybrid drive, where the permanent magnet block of the body interacts with the magnetic field outside the body to control its direction of motion, while the DC motor drives the magnetic particles arranged in the form of a propeller. Promote robot operation. However, according to Dr. Zhang Jian, who graduated from Columbia University's medical robotics specialty and now is the CEO of a medical device startup company in Silicon Valley, poor control is a “natural defect†of capsule robots that is difficult to overcome through technology. "From a basic physics point of view, controlling a capsule robot in a patient's body is not feasible." Zhang Jian said it very simply. "First, the body tissue, such as fat, is controlled by a magnetic field, and the effect is yet to be verified. Second, its shape is elliptical and it is easy to get stuck somewhere in the intestine. In contrast, the traditional endoscopic tools are obviously better to control. "It's like a rope down to the stomach, people The outside end can be used to adjust the position of the inside end, and some telescopic functions can be used to accurately find the position to be checked.†Zhang Jian said that the structure determines the weaknesses. We must use the capsule robot and perhaps we should admit it is not good. The weakness of control, and on this basis, discuss what it can be used under. "Because you don't need to use all of your solutions for the hardest problems." Better for non-purpose-specific total gastrointestinal exams So, when capsule robots are better than traditional endoscopes? Dr. Zhang Jian thinks this is divided into two situations. The first is when the patient needs to perform a complete gastrointestinal system examination without the need for accurate, clear images. “Doctors may have to look from the mouth to the rectum, but they don’t need to be particularly clear about the location. Capsule robots are more convenient at this time,†said Zhang Jian. In other words, similar to the physical examination, there is no specific diagnostic purpose, but rather a comprehensive screening of the disease, the painless capsule robot is obviously more convenient. Second, the patient is far from the city or inconvenient to check in a large hospital. “Traditional endoscopy must have matching medical equipment that is not available in every hospital. If a patient in a remote area wants to have a gastrointestinal examination, he must now go to a major hospital in the city. If there is a capsule robot, he can check in the local area and save him the hard work." Zhang Jian said, "If the brain hole is opened a little longer, when the capsule robot is popularized in general pharmacies, consumers can buy it. Buy one each year and conduct a self-examination.†Whether prices can compete with traditional endoscopes is still unknown. When it comes to popularity, there is no other problem and cost. At present, traditional endoscopy is about 200-300 yuan, and a capsule robot is priced at 2000-3000 yuan. Such a high price naturally restricts its promotion in the market. In this regard, Zhang Jian believes that with more and more companies entering this field, the price of capsule robots will certainly drop, but whether it can be reduced to the traditional endoscope is quite unknown. “We look at a capsule robot and look at it with casings, lenses, cameras, memory cards, batteries, and so on. If you are a layman, these parts are on mobile phones. So in the current situation where mobile phones are so popular, The cost of these things is a few hundred renminbi, and we can infer that it is very difficult to reduce the cost to a few tens of dollars. Can we lower the quality and make the photos taken by the capsule robots be slightly worse than the mobile phones? It's hard to say," Zhang Jian said. From another point of view, although the traditional endoscopy is only 200,300 yuan at a time, but in addition to the endoscope itself, it also needs supporting imaging equipment, computing centers, etc., the hospital purchasing this entire system will cost hundreds of thousands of Yuan, so for a rural hospital without equipment, it may be appropriate for capsule robots. As Zhang Jian concluded, “There are many applicable conditions for capsule robots, which may be doomed to a market that is not large.†Although there are many problems with capsule robots at present, it is undeniable that Compared to traditional tube endoscopes, it is a technological advancement and a new type of medical service available to patients.
Optical Rotary Sensor,Custom Encoder,Optical Encoder 6Mm Shaft,Handwheel Pulse Generator
Jilin Lander Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.jilinlandertech.com