VR hardware technology standard large GPU performance requirements

In 2016, it is called VR first year. The global hardware, content and capital giants are moving frequently. VR equipment will follow the next computing platform after computers and mobile phones. By 2025, VR and AR hardware revenue will reach 110 billion US dollars. According to the "Global VR Technology Standard", the three key technical standards for VR products are clearly defined for the first time - below 20ms delay, above 75Hz refresh rate and above 1K gyroscope refresh rate, which will become the game rules of VR new industry.

1, less than 20ms millisecond delay, 75Hz above screen refresh rate, 1K gyro refresh rate - VR product experience three key technical indicators

The VR experience actually requires complex technical processing, from sensor acquisition, transmission, game engine processing, driving hardware rendering, LCD pixel color switching, and finally to the human eye to see the corresponding picture, each step in the middle will produce a Latency we call it delay. Thus, three key parameter indicators that must be supported by the VR product are derived: a 20ms millisecond delay, a picture refresh rate above 75Hz, and a gyroscope refresh rate above 1K.


VR delay refers to the matching degree between VR device head movement and visual perception. Human biological research shows that the delay of human head movement and visual field return must be less than 20ms millisecond, otherwise it will produce visual smear and lead to strong vertigo. According to the above three major indicators of the algorithm VR standard analysis is as follows:

At present, the TFT screen delay itself is higher than 20ms milliseconds, so the VR product hardware only considers OLED or better screen. Let us first look at the normal OLED screen refresh rate at 60Hz, using the formula 1 second / 60Hz = 16.67ms milliseconds. Divided by 2 eyes, the delay of each eye is 8.3 milliseconds. It is a hard delay that the VR device can't bypass. To achieve a better VR experience, you need to consider "OLED screen delay 2ms milliseconds" + " The anti-distortion and anti-dispersion algorithm delays 3ms milliseconds + 1K refresh rate gyroscope itself delay 1m precision plus data reporting delay 1ms" 2ms milliseconds, then VR product GPU performance speed must be 20ms-8.3ms-2ms -3ms-2ms is 4.7ms milliseconds to complete various renderings back to the human eye; according to the current chip GPU performance calculation, when the screen refresh rate is 75Hz or above, the experience of VR products is more and more smooth, so the chip The GPU's capabilities and accompanying depth algorithms are key factors in determining the VR product experience.

Increasing the refresh rate is the general trend to improve the VR experience. The higher the refresh rate, the smaller the VR delay, the flickering and delay of the screen will be improved, and the experience will be better. The screen with a refresh rate below 60Hz or even a TFT screen will be used. VR products can't be upgraded in terms of latency, the experience is extremely bad and the vertigo is strong, and it is defined by the industry as a defective VR product. Therefore, VR devices with a refresh rate ranging from 75 Hz to 90 Hz are currently entry-level standard indicators; VR devices above 90 Hz are intermediate VR products.

2, no less than 300 million triangle output rate, VR product GPU performance standards

Usually, the VR industry divides it into three categories: mobile terminal display, PC terminal display and all-in-one display. To get a better experience no matter which form of VR, the performance requirements of the chip graphics image processor GPU are very high, the GPU determines whether it can meet the delay of 20ms milliseconds and support the 75Hz~90Hz screen refresh rate. index.

GPU performance quantification is generally based on the industry-standard "triangle fill rate". According to the performance of the maliT760MP4 used by the mainstream entry-level VR GPUs on the market, the 28nm nano HPM manufacturing process runs at 600MHz and the output rate exceeds 300 million per second. Triangles, 2.6G pixel fill rate per second. Therefore, GPU performance must reach 300M per second or 300 million triangle output rate to meet the requirements of entry-level VR products. All chips with GPU triangle output rate lower than 1.39 billion, regardless of whether the CPU is quad-core or eight-core configuration, In line with the entry-level VR product industry standards, it is even unable to support the mainstream mid-level VR market.

3, VR industry technical standards will purify the market

Market research firm Strategy AnalyTIcs' latest global virtual reality head-mounted device forecast report shows that in 2016, global virtual reality (VR) headsets shipped approximately 12.8 million units. While the strength of the industry and the market's inflation rate are inevitable, there are inevitably shadows, including different hardware products, unclear key parameters, extremely poor experience, and price polarization. Driven by the essence of “profit-seeking”, the industry is active in speculation and confusing viewers.

As the next computing platform to change the world, the experience of VR products will directly affect the progress of the entire industry. The latest global VR technology standards, clear requirements for product latency and refresh rate, will quickly regulate the VR industry and enhance consumer market awareness.

Industry analysis, in the VR hardware development process, optical technology, immersive solutions, optical design, SDK, developer tools are integrated solutions, if the most basic technical indicators can not be achieved, the experience can not be done, VR Industrial ecology is also impossible to talk about. The technical standards of the VR industry released during this period will serve the purification industry. It will accelerate the elimination of brands and solution providers that have a poor experience and affect the development of the VR industry.

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