The terms wide-area network (WAN) and software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN) are often mistakenly viewed as interchangeable concepts. Hybrid WAN is the practice of routing traffic across multiple connection paths, while software-defined wide area networks (SD-WANs) simplify the management of hybrid WANs by centrally managing and providing business policy flows and security. These two approaches have evolved to support the changing network needs of the cloud computing era.
Network in the era of cloud computingUntil recently, private data centers hosted most applications. The network used Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), and all traffic was sent to the data center of the application security protocol.
Today, most of the traffic is circulating on the global Internet. Revenue from global public cloud services is expected to grow 18.5% in 2017 to reach $260.2 billion, up from $219.6 billion in 2016. Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Software as a Service (SaaS) applications such as Microsoft Office 365, Salesforce.com, ServiceNow, and Box are now part of a mission-critical infrastructure.
In the era of cloud computing, enterprises require networks to be more resilient, flexible, and cost-effective. According to research firm Gartner, "from a price and performance perspective, public cloud computing makes traditional enterprise WAN architectures less than ideal."
For cloud computing applications, traditional multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) backhaul technology can result in unacceptable performance degradation and network congestion. As consumption increases, as a solution, the cost of managed service providers (MPLS) is also growing, and some companies have already made some settings on the firewall, allowing some direct access to the global Internet through some vulnerabilities. This approach can improve performance but introduces unacceptable security risks.
Other changes have also affected the application of the network. New OTT (over-the-top, OTT) applications such as video streaming increase network congestion. Encrypted applications determine the business priority of the application is difficult, so no matter how critical the data, all data is the same. Finally, with the constant adoption of the Internet of Things, large amounts of data are collected and stored and often analyzed at the edge.
Hybrid WAN emergesA hybrid WAN is the practice of routing traffic across multiple connection paths, taking into account their strengths and weaknesses. Using path selection, using path selection, hybrid WANs can establish and/or redirect selections with business policies and quality of service in accordance with alternative route traffic and application delivery. When performance is degraded or disrupted, traffic can be routed along the alternate path.
Hybrid WANs use Internet broadband and traditional Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) for path selection. As shown, both Internet Broadband and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) have their inherent strengths and weaknesses. Internet broadband is ideal for direct cloud computing traffic and extra capacity. Unlike Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), it can get extra capacity without delays for months. However, Internet broadband is less secure and of lower quality, so it may not be suitable for internal financial applications and applications that require high quality services, such as WebEx.
Shamus McGillicuddy of the Enterprise Management Association said: "The future of the WAN is actually a hybrid. Most companies will operate networks that use public and private connections, and application traffic will drive these connectivity options."
SD-WAN simplifies hybrid WAN managementManaging a hybrid WAN is not trivial. The command line interface (CLI) is manual, time consuming, and error prone. Each device needs to be configured separately, or an administrator can write custom scripts to configure and update complex network policies.
For example, a hypothetical retailer with 500 remote stores would like to deploy a new video application, each requiring 10 new command line codes (a total of 5,000 command lines). On average, it takes 30 seconds to execute each command, a total of one week to implement the changes and launch a new application. If an error occurs, the administrator needs to check each of the 5000 lines of code to identify it. Scripts can help, but they also bring more complexity and increase the error rate.
Instead of using the CLI, SD-WAN provides administrators with a central management portal to implement business-defined rules throughout the organization. According to a Forrester survey, most network administrators want to be able to centrally monitor and manage traffic and remotely configure the WAN.
SD-WAN abstracts network device management from devices. Network administrators can create business and security policies and deploy them in WAN, wireless/wired LAN, and cloud computing environments. This level of control increases IT and business efficiency and reduces operational management costs by approximately 20%. In addition to lowering operational costs, enterprises are adopting SD-WAN to improve application performance, directly optimize cloud connectivity, and improve network security.
The right SD-WAN solution helps ensure that application performance meets service levels and user expectations. Integrated WAN optimization reduces network congestion and latency, accelerating the performance of business-critical applications. Integrated user, device, and infrastructure monitoring helps IT administrators quickly diagnose and resolve complex performance issues in local deployments, cloud computing, and mobile applications.
With SD-WAN, enterprises can connect directly to SaaS and cloud platforms directly and securely. Administrators define policies to route SaaS applications directly over broadband connections to optimize performance and avoid the higher costs associated with Protocol Label Switching (MPLS). Applications built on the AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud public cloud platforms can connect via the Internet Broadband VPN to ensure secure access.
Many SD-WAN solutions embed firewalls, user identity controls, network segmentation, and other security features. By segmenting traffic, network administrators can limit the attack surface and appropriately include visitor traffic.
Australian payment provider Simple Pay uses SD-WAN in its AWS environment. It automates cloud connectivity to provide a consistent and secure connection on a global scale. "Without traffic, no staff needs, it's actually one of the easiest deployments I've ever worked on," said Rob Gillan, CTO of Simple Pay.
Network modernizationBy providing traffic routing based on business needs, a hybrid WAN can improve congestion, reduce costs, and improve performance. However, without SD-WAN technology, management can be cumbersome. The SD-WAN solution provides centralized management and coordination for hybrid WANs, further reducing operational costs and increasing flexibility. For these reasons, industry analyst firm IDC expects the SD-WAN market to grow to $8 billion by 2021 as technology becomes mainstream.
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