In the past, most of the car lights used ordinary halogen bulbs. The wattage and brightness of the lamps were not enough, the color temperature was too low, the lamp color was yellow, and the life was short and the failure rate was high. Recently, HID (High Intensity Discharge Lamp) xenon lamp is emerging in the field of automobile lamps. Compared with traditional halogen lamps, HID xenon lamps have the advantages of energy saving, high brightness, long life, safety and reliability, and similar color temperature to sunlight. The HID xenon lamp is composed of a ballast and a bulb. The ballast is the core component of the xenon lamp product. The performance of the xenon lamp is closely related to the ballast. As HID ballast technology continues to mature, new digital control methods are also impacting the industry.
According to the characteristics of the domestic HID market, Shiqiang Telecom has launched a single-chip xenon lamp full digital intelligent ballast solution based on Silicon Labs MCU. The program uses full digital control, in line with the current digital development trend. The single-chip control technology can greatly reduce the workload of factory commissioning. In addition, a number of patented technologies have been adopted to improve the performance of HID ballasts, including rich fault detection, high performance loop response, and spread spectrum characteristics. “These features are not achievable in analog solutions or in MCU+3843 solutions,†said Ge Hongkai, application engineer manager at Shenzhen Shiqiang Telecommunications Co., Ltd.
Features of this HID ballast solution include: full digital control for improved protection; MCU controls the details of each process to better meet the characteristics of the lamp; variable frequency control minimizes EMI while reducing the number of EMI components Combining hardware for algorithm optimization, using a number of patented technologies to improve HID process control and current limiting protection; full digital design makes the whole program very good scalability, can quickly meet the special needs of custom development; using planar transformers Other technologies, effectively reduce the thickness and volume of the ballast; support the positive drive and negative start form, adapt to the stabilizer of various circuit schemes; the high voltage package can be separated and built-in output, the low voltage line is taken out, the high voltage line is short, and the installation is convenient and obvious. A lot of reduction; CPU can choose electric rewritable chip; strong confidentiality, is conducive to intellectual property protection.
Shiqiang's solution uses a high-performance MCU to implement HID control functions. The device implements a complete set of control algorithms, including DC/DC, DC/AC, and protection functions. The entire solution consists of MCUs, drivers and power components. The structure is very simple and all components are optimized for a good price/performance ratio. The high level of integration reduces the number and area of ​​components, and a large number of placement components enable good thermal design and ultra-thin design. A good power supply topology and component parameters enable the solution to support a wide operating voltage.
In digital control, the high-speed MCU is the core of the whole system. Through the MCU, it can control every detail and power-saving state of the ballast, and realize the functions of the aging alarm of the lamp. Digital processing can make the algorithm more complex and accurate, while analog processing is limited by the amount and cost of hardware, making it difficult to implement complex processing. In addition, the control method of debugging simulation is also affected by component consistency, and there are difficulties in mass production and debugging.
Usually, the ballast will reach 23,000V when the lamp is turned on, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) will be generated at the start, which will cause serious interference to the complicated electronic system inside the car. Shiqiang Telecom digital intelligent ballast adopts many anti-interference measures on the circuit, such as variable frequency working mode, good wiring, etc., which can effectively reduce system cost and significantly reduce EMI.
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Schematic diagram of the Shiqiang Telecom HID ballast solution. |
The rated voltage of the xenon lamp is 85±17V. The thin digital smart ballast can work normally at a lamp voltage of AC 40~150V, and can be adapted to the latest mercury-free xenon lamp (D4S). It can adapt to the characteristics of xenon lamps of different manufacturers at home and abroad without any adjustment, and protect the xenon bulbs from damage, thus prolonging the life of the bulbs, and also bringing great convenience to the follow-up service of consumers. Some ballasts can only be adapted to the Xenon lamp of a specific manufacturer. If another type of Xenon lamp is used, the output power difference is 8~9W, which is easy to cause early damage of the lamp.
However, Ge Hongkai also pointed out that although HID products have good color rendering and high power, they still face challenges from other lighting systems, including LEDs and high-pressure sodium lamps. Compared with LEDs, the cost of ballasts is still high, and the characteristics of HID lamps of different manufacturers are quite different, which also limits its large-scale promotion. On the other hand, the current HID ballast repair rate is relatively high, and there are many problems with the patching scheme, which leads to high cost of HID. The large-scale use of analog devices in some schemes also makes it difficult to debug the factory, and it is difficult to ensure batch consistency.
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